What Are Dense Breasts?

Breast density refers to the amount of fibrous and glandular tissue compared to fatty tissue in the breast. Women with dense breasts have more fibrous and glandular tissue, making it harder to see abnormalities on a mammogram. Breast density is determined by a radiologist who reads a mammogram and assigns one of four categories:

1. Almost entirely fatty
2. Scattered areas of fibroglandular density
3. Heterogeneously dense
4. Extremely dense

Having dense breasts is common and normal, but it can make breast cancer detection more challenging and may slightly increase the risk of developing breast cancer.

What Is 3-D Mammography?

3-D mammography, also known as digital breast tomosynthesis, is an advanced form of breast imaging that uses low-dose X-rays to create a three-dimensional image of the breast. Unlike traditional 2-D mammography, which captures two images of each breast, 3-D mammography takes multiple images from different angles, allowing radiologists to examine breast tissue layer by layer.

Why Is 3-D Mammography Better for Dense Breasts?

1. Improved Detection: Dense breast tissue can mask tumors, making them difficult to see on a standard 2-D mammogram. 3-D mammography provides a clearer, more detailed view of the breast tissue, improving the chances of detecting small abnormalities early.
2. Reduced Callbacks: False positives are more common in women with dense breasts, leading to unnecessary anxiety and additional testing. The sensitivity of 3-D mammography reduces the likelihood of callbacks for further imaging.
3. Better Visualization: The layered images allow radiologists to differentiate between overlapping tissues and identify small tumors that might be hidden in dense breast tissue.
4. Higher Accuracy: Studies have shown that 3-D mammography increases the detection rate of invasive breast cancers by 41% and decreases the recall rate by 15%.

Comprehensive Q&A Section

Q: How do I know if I have dense breasts?

A: Breast density is determined by a radiologist, and can only be assessed on a mammogram. You will be informed about your breast density in your mammogram report.

Q: Are dense breasts common?

A: Yes, dense breasts are common. About 40% of women aged 40 and older have dense breast tissue.

Q: Does having dense breasts increase my risk of breast cancer?

A: Having dense breasts can slightly increase your risk of developing breast cancer. It’s essential to discuss your individual risk factors with your healthcare provider.

Q: How often should I have a 3-D mammogram if I have dense breasts?

A: The frequency of mammograms should be based on your age, risk factors, and your healthcare provider’s recommendations. Generally, annual mammograms are recommended for women aged 40 and older.

Q: Is 3-D mammography safe?

A: Yes, 3-D mammography is safe. It uses low-dose X-rays, and the benefits of early cancer detection outweigh the risks associated with mammography’s small radiation exposure.

Q: Does 3-D mammography take longer than a standard 2-D mammogram?

A: The procedure for 3-D mammography is similar to 2-D mammography and only takes a few seconds longer for each breast.

Q: Is 3-D mammography covered by insurance?

A: Yes, with very few exceptions. Check with your insurance provider to understand your coverage and any potential out-of-pocket costs.

Q: Can 3-D mammography be used for all women or only those with dense breasts?

A: 3-D mammography can be beneficial for all women, regardless of breast density. However, it is particularly useful for those with dense breasts.

Conclusion

Dense breasts can make cancer detection more challenging, but advancements in imaging technology, such as 3-D mammography, provide a more accurate and detailed view of breast tissue. By opting for 3-D mammography, women with dense breasts can improve the chances of early detection and reduce the likelihood of unnecessary follow-up tests. 

For more information or to schedule a 3-D mammogram, contact the Breast Center of New England today.