A bone density test – also called a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan or bone densitometry test — is the most common test used to measure bone density. The scan measures the bones’ calcium and mineral content to help diagnose low bone mass and/or osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become weak and brittle, and easily broken – by even the slightest bump or a minor fall. A bone density test is also used to monitor the progress of treatment for osteoporosis and similar conditions.
Key Indications for a Bone Density scan:

  • Post-menopausal women
  • History of a bone fracture with little trauma as an adult
  • Years of smoking
  • Early menopause
  • History of hyperparathyroidism or hypothyroidism
  • Long term bone depleting drug use such as steroid, chemotherapy, thyroid meds
  • Consume large amounts of caffeine per day
  • Small frame with low body weight
  • History of vertebral compression fracture with little to no trauma

Speak with your provider who can give you the best advice on whether you are a candidate to have a bone density test based on your lifestyle and the medications you might be taking.

Preparing for a Bone density test:

The bone density test is fast, painless, and easy.

  • Wear comfortable clothing, preferably without metal, buttons, buckles or zippers.
  • Stop taking calcium supplements, multivitamin or medications for osteoporosis or osteopenia 24 hours before the test.
  • Wait 7-10 days to have the bone density if you have had CT scan with contrast or an exam with barium.

You may take your other regularly prescribed medications.

Test Results
Bone density test results come in the form of two scores: a T score and a Z score. The T score is a measure of your bone density compared to the peak bone mass reading of a young adult of your gender. It is used to flag possible osteoporosis or osteopenia (a condition in which bone density is lower than normal, and possibly a precursor to osteoporosis). The Z score is a measure of your bone mass compared to what’s expected for a person of your age, sex, weight and ethnic or racial origin. Your doctor will receive the test results and determine if any follow up care is needed.

Lifestyle changes that have a positive effect on your bone health:

  • Decrease caffeine consumption.
  • Increase your calcium and vitamin D intake with supplements and low fat dairy products.
  • Increase your weight bearing activity. Some examples are yoga, gardening, swimming, walking or light weightlifting.
  • Quit smoking.
  • Prevent falls by removing tripping hazards in the home such as throw rugs.